Document Type : Review
Authors
1
Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
2
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
3
The Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
4
Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
5
Department of Animal Sciences, Center for Food Animal Health, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
10.22034/ijmcm.2022.691318
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a huge global public health threat which affected millions of people and have been causing high mortalities. Coronaviruses have the largest genomes for RNA viruses, enveloped and single-stranded. They mainly cause respiratory disease with incidences of enteric problems and affecting the liver and neurological system in animals and humans. The rapid diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is required for better control of spread of evolving mutant viruses. This review article aims to gather insights on the epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In conclusion, apart from the COVID-19 disease epidemiology, a better understanding of the available effective, rapid and sensitive tests for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis and the novel drugs for treatment both prophylactically and therapeutically are necessary to mitigate any future risks of infection.
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