A comprehensive review of CNS and PNS manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection

Document Type : Review

Authors

1 Department of Medical Laser, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran

2 Lifestyle & Health Management Research Department, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran

3 Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran

4 Department of Microbiology,School of Medicine,Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,Tehran,Iran

5 Neonatal Health Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

6 Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran

7 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran

10.22034/ijmcm.2023.699915

Abstract

The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV, or COVID-19) was, for the first time, detected in Wuhan city (China) in 2019. It was subsequently spread worldwide which resulted in a viral pandemic associated with high rate of mortality. Although this virus mainly affects the pulmonary system, it has already been reported that COVID-19 could also affect the nervous system, either at the first stages of disease or during the illness progress. During COVID-19 pandemic, numerous neurological complications corresponding to Central Nervous System (CNS) disorders such as giddiness, headache, unconsciousness, encephalitis and ataxia, as well as Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) disturbances including Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), skeletal muscle malfunction, hyposmia, hypogeusia and muscle pain, were reported. In this regard, further researches about neurological manifestations of COVID-19 is suggested. Current review attempts to discuss various CNS and PNS manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 virosis.

Keywords